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David Abram
David Abram (born June 24, 1957) is an American philosopher, cultural ecologist, and performance artist, best known for his work bridging the philosophical tradition of phenomenology with environmental and ecological issues.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.middlebury.edu/sustainability/fech/fellowships/reporters/node/201491 )〕〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://noetic.org/directory/person/david-abram/ )〕 He is the author of ''Becoming Animal: An Earthly Cosmology''〔(【引用サイトリンク】 Becoming Animal by David Abram )〕 (2010) and ''The Spell of the Sensuous: Perception and Language in a More-than-Human World'' (1996), for which he received, among other prizes, the international Lannan Literary Award for Nonfiction. Abram is founder and creative director of the ''Alliance for Wild Ethics (AWE)''; his essays on the cultural causes and consequences of ecological disarray have appeared often in such journals as ''Orion, Environmental Ethics, Parabola, Tikkun,'' and ''The Ecologist,'' as well as numerous anthologies.
In the mid 1990s, Abram coined the phrase "the more-than-human world" as a way of referring to earthly nature; the term was soon adopted by other scholars, theorists, and activists, and has become a key phrase within the lingua franca of the broad ecological movement.
==Biography==
Born In the suburbs of New York City, Abram began practicing sleight-of-hand magic during his high school years in Baldwin, Long Island; it was this craft that sparked his ongoing fascination with perception. In 1976, he began working as "house magician" at Alice's Restaurant in the Berkshires of Massachusetts, and soon was performing at clubs throughout New England while studying at Wesleyan University. After his second year of college, Abram took a year off to travel as an itinerant street magician through Europe and the Middle East; toward the end of that journey, in London, he began exploring the application of sleight-of-hand magic to psychotherapy under the guidance of R. D. Laing. After graduating summa cum laude from Wesleyan in 1980, Abram traveled throughout Southeast Asia as an itinerant magician, living and studying with traditional, indigenous magic practitioners (or medicine persons) in Sri Lanka, Indonesia, and Nepal. Upon returning to North America he continued performing while devoting himself to the study of natural history and ethno-ecology, visiting and learning from native communities in the southwest desert and the Pacific northwest. A much-reprinted essay written while studying biology at the Yale School of Forestry in 1984 — entitled "The Perceptual Implications of Gaia" — brought Abram into association with the scientists formulating the Gaia Hypothesis, and he was soon lecturing in tandem with biologist Lynn Margulis and geochemist James Lovelock in Britain and the United States. In the late 1980s, Abram turned his attention to exploring and articulating the decisive influence of language upon the human senses and upon our sensory experience of the land around us. Abram received a doctorate for this work from the State University of New York at Stony Brook, in 1993.〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://news.google.com/newspapers?id=FZJGAAAAIBAJ&sjid=gOkMAAAAIBAJ&pg=1555,6078806&dq=david-abram+stony-brook&hl=en )〕
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